The standard TV remote control, lost so many times beneath sofa cushions, may soon be lost to history.

Good riddance, says Chris Lavoie, a radio producer in Los Angeles. Taking advantage of advances in smart phones, Lavoie uses an app on his iPhone to control his Apple TV set-top box to search for things to watch.

The phone is not a perfect solution, though. Its tendency to go into “sleep” mode can be annoying, Lavoie said, because it takes several steps to reactivate it before he can use, say, the pause button. For basic functions, he still uses the remote that came with the box.

TV viewing habits are changing as more Internet and on-demand content — YouTube videos, streaming movies, shopping sites, Facebook photos — flows directly onto big screens. Navigating all of that demands more action from the viewer, including a fair amount of typing, which current remotes cannot handle.

“Everybody realizes that the remote control is the dinosaur of the consumer electronics industry,” said David Mercer, a TV analyst at Strategy Analytics, a research and consulting firm. “The cable companies and the TV manufacturers are beginning to realize that they have to start moving away from the traditional, basic remote control.”

Trying to pack too many features into a remote can make it both expensive and physically imposing, though. Indeed, the remote Sony developed for its new Google-powered TV — a wide device with more than 75 buttons that requires the use of both hands — looks like the controller for a hobbyist’s model airplane.

Some in the technology industry believe that a better alternative would be to simply replace the remote with smart phone apps like the one Lavoie uses. If you create a specialized smart phone app to control a TV or set-top box, you can pack the phone’s touch screen with virtual buttons in any configuration you like.

There have been successful attempts to use smart phones as remotes. Sonos, which makes Internet-connected stereos, offers a free iPhone application that replicates every feature of its own $349 touch-screen remote control. Over half of Sonos customers now use the app, which links to the stereo over a Wi-Fi network.

Several television manufacturers, like Mitsubishi and Samsung, are following suit with smart phone remotes, and phone apps are part of both Apple and Google’s TV offerings. (The phone-as-remote has an added advantage: if you lose track of it in the room, you can always call it and make it ring.)

This particular arms race may seem like a sideshow, but the lowly remote is an important piece of technology that has made its mark on television in its own way. When it was developed in the 1950s, manufacturers saw the remote control — the “Lazy Bones,” the earliest model, was tethered to a Zenith TV by a long cord — primarily as a way to adjust the volume.

But it soon became clear that the remote’s true calling was to enable viewers to flip through channels quickly. Channel browsing simply would not work if the viewer had to keep getting up from the couch.

Technology giants like Apple and Google, along with a wave of Silicon Valley startups, have a vision for the future that would make channel-surfing seem quaint. Soon, they believe, viewers will choose from vast pools of video without distinguishing between TV broadcasts and content streamed over the Internet.

The number of homes with Internet-connected televisions is expected to reach 43 million by 2015, up from 2 million at the beginning of this year, according to Forrester Research, a technology research firm.

“The nature of how users access content is going to evolve, and is starting to evolve,” said John Burke, the senior vice president and general manager for broadband at Motorola Inc., which makes set-top boxes for cable providers. “Having remote controls that give the user better ability to interact with the experience is going to be key.”

Some companies are not sold on the idea of the smart phone as the remote of the future. They are selling a range of remotes armed with full keyboards, touch screens and motion sensors. In November, Microsoft is planning to release Kinect, a gaming system that will also allow users to move their hands and use their voices to control movies, sports and video content streamed through an Xbox console, no remote necessary.

Samsung’s high-end televisions can be controlled with a touch-screen device that allows a user to pull up a virtual keyboard to type or navigate menus. It can also display the same video that is showing on the TV, so a viewer does not miss anything while heading to the kitchen for a snack.

Samsung says it sees smart phone apps as supplements to this device; it makes its own smart phone line under the Galaxy brand. Mitsubishi, however, sees apps as a way to replace its own hardware. It abandoned plans for a remote control with a touch screen this year because it had determined that such a device would add several hundred dollars to the price of the television.

Instead, the company is developing software for smart phones and tablets.

“If people used an iPad, that would be the best experience. We could never hope to recreate that,” said Frank DeMartin, Mitsubishi’s vice president for marketing.

Using a phone as a remote is not for everybody. When Chris Igoby of Washington bought his first Android smart phone in October, he immediately found an app that controlled his television. But the high-tech novelty factor wore off quickly. On top of that, he noticed the toll it took on his phone’s battery.

“It works the exact same; it works perfect,” he said of the app. “But I don’t understand why anyone would want to use their phone as a remote.”

For his part, Lavoie supplements the iPhone app and the Apple TV remote with a universal remote for his TiVo and other devices, so he juggles all three. Still, that’s better than the eight he would have otherwise, he says.

“If I can get down from eight to three, I think I’m doing pretty good,” Lavoie said.

Some companies are hesitant to embrace the app idea because they balk at relying on a device or platform owned by a competitor, said Mercer at Strategy Analytics.

“It’s about control of the technology, and as soon as you’re talking about applications on other devices, you’re allowing someone else to be dictating that environment,” he said.

The issue of control could arise in living rooms as well, once everyone is carrying a personal remote control. Scott Baldwin, a spokesman for Samsung, said his company’s mobile app could give a houseguest the power to change the channel against his host’s wishes.

There is a low-tech solution to that, he noted: “I wouldn’t invite that person over again.”

© 2010 The New York Times Company