One of Gov. Josh Green’s pledges on Day 1 in office was to provide more housing — a difficult task made monumental by the devastating Maui wildfires exacerbating Hawaii’s shortage of available and affordable places to live.

Before the fires, Green issued a series of emergency proclamations to underscore the urgency of producing 50,000 new houses across the state. But the result was a lawsuit that the governor told the Honolulu Star-Advertiser “surprised” him coming from allies in the push for housing, including the Sierra Club.

The new administration began Dec. 5, 2022, and Green said he would move quickly but make adjustments to new initiatives like his “Build Beyond Barriers” working group created through an emergency proclamation. The move came under immediate criticism and the Sierra Club filed suit.

The legal challenge was withdrawn only after Green issued a subsequent emergency proclamation that clarified the panel would have no role in developing housing in Lahaina following the Aug. 8 wildfires and would be subject to Hawaii’s “Sunshine Law” meant to ensure government transparency.

Green said in a Star-Advertiser interview reflecting on his first year in office that he was disappointed that critics did not “trust” that he would make adjustments to efforts to move quickly on issues that have been problems for generations, like creating more affordable housing.

Green said there was widespread support for his other early efforts:

>> Provide tax breaks for financially struggling families.

>> Erect Hawaii’s first-of-its kind medical respite kauhale in only seven weeks in between the governor’s mansion and The Queen’s Medical Center for homeless people who disproportionately make costly emergency medical room visits.

>> Free $50 million in grants-in-aid to help 180 nonprofit groups that had been stalled under his predecessor, Gov. David Ige.

>> Ensure women’s reproductive rights following a ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court that gave states the option to ban abortions.

>> A push for a successful gun buyback program that he called “an unprecedented success.”

>> “Super charging” the defueling of the Navy’s Red Hill fuel storage facility five months ahead of schedule following years of undisclosed leaks that contaminated Oahu’s drinking water, among other popular moves.

But the governor said when it comes to getting thousands of affordable homes online quickly, critics also need to “trust” that he will not develop housing in environmentally and culturally sensitive areas or disregard other concerns.

“I understand and respect other opinions but if we really want to build housing for local families, people need to let me do it,” Green said. “If we can apply that same kind of trust (afforded to the other efforts) to our housing plans, we’d also see a lot more housing getting started and that’s going to continue to be one of our huge battles. Everyone needs to get on the same page. … More than anything, that’s going to help people afford to stay in Hawaii.”

>> RELATED: Gov. Green details progress and plans in new video

The quickest way to provide more housing, Green believes, would be to encourage owners of short-term, vacation rental units to switch to long-term housing for residents through tax breaks. On Maui, Green also is working with Mayor Richard Bissen and the Federal Emergency Management Agency to provide above market-rate rent to owners who dedicate their units to thousands of displaced wildfire survivors.

Under his housing emergency proclamation, Green also has the power to issue a moratorium on short-term vacation rentals across the state, which likely would lead to another lawsuit.

“We need to hit the reset button and figure this out,” he said.

Upcoming session

The upcoming legislative session that begins in January likely will be dominated by debates over how to best leverage federal and state funds to further help fire survivors recover, along with discussions over what comes next for devastated parts of Maui. The fires in Upcountry Maui and Lahaina gutted the historic town, killing at least 100 and destroying some 3,000 structures. It resulted in the shutdown of tourism in West Maui, a major economic impact to the entire state.

Going into his second legislative session as governor, Green plans to propose dedicating a share of hotel transient accommodations taxes to offsetting the impacts of tourists on the environment and to dealing with climate change.

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of visitors to Hawaii had exploded to 10.4 million arrivals in 2019, straining local resources and escalating tensions between Hawaii’s 1.5 million residents and tourists.

The negative impacts from overtourism — including littering, crowded beaches, damage to coral reefs, traffic snarls and desecration of sacred places — has led to discussions around reducing the number of visitors and levying impact fees.

“It’s time for us to assess some sort of climate impact fee,” Green said.

Doing so might result in “a slight decrease in the number of visitors on the lowest end of the travel spectrum,” he said.

He threw out that any TAT revenue loss could possibly be offset by offering a tax break to residents who stay in Hawaii hotels.

At the same time, Green might introduce legislation to help ease the transition of short-term vacation rentals into long-term housing for island residents.

“This is the time for the Legislature to take this up,” Green said.

His ideas include the possibility of an emergency moratorium on short-term rentals, incentives through tax breaks for property owners or a combination of both.

For the long term, Green said, “I’m going to take very strong action if necessary.”

‘Getting the job done’

Compared to Ige — who had a reputation as a methodical, contemplative thinker and soft-spoken communicator during his eight years as governor — Green’s urgency and actions represent a head-spinning change in only his first year.

“He’s definitely set a different tone to the public,” said political analyst Neal Milner. “He’s obviously different than Ige. His style is different. His tone is different. … Josh is much more comfortable out there pressing the flesh than Ige.”

Colin Moore, who teaches public policy at the University of Hawaii and is associate professor at the University of Hawaii Economic Resource Organization, called Green’s first year in office “remarkably successful.”

“He’s juggling these three crises: Red Hill, Lahaina and then the long-term problem, which is our complex housing affordability problem,” Moore said. “I don’t think Green has made any major errors in terms of policy and public relations. I can’t point to any unforced errors from the governor.”

Green has been criticized from both the left and right, Moore said, “because his ideas have been aggressive. And Hawaii doesn’t like change.”

Republican state Rep. Gene Ward (Hawaii Kai-­Kalama Valley) generally applauds Green’s first year on the job, especially Green’s push for more affordable housing.

“I think he’s being a good doctor in telling the doctors and nurses and Legislature what’s happening,” Ward said. “We have a housing emergency and he’s behaved like a CEO running a medical department. I like that style. He has good policies.”

Green this year successfully pushed tax breaks for low-income families but more needs to be done to help struggling residents, including from the Legislature, Ward said.

“If 40 to 50% of our residents can’t afford a roof over their head, none of us are doing our job,” Ward said.

He called Green’s emphasis on converting short-term vacation rentals aimed at tourists into long-term rentals for island residents “clever in that regard. I think it’ll work. I think it’s a great idea.”

Ward said Green is “getting the job done. To do that, you can’t be the contemplative Ige where you get analysis paralysis.”

Good communicator

During the past legislative session, Green met weekly with House Speaker Scott Saiki and Senate President Ron Kouchi and continues to meet with them less frequently during the break.

“Based on his experience as lieutenant governor, he’s made it a point to try to make decisive decisions, but what I appreciate about the governor is that he does engage, he does discuss these topics with others before making a decision,” Saiki said.

Green notably has managed the aftermath of the Maui wildfires, which Saiki called “devastating and hard for any one person to wrap their arms around because it’s so complicated.”

“In large part,” Saiki said, “his legacy may rest on how he navigates all the Maui issues. The jury’s still out and it’ll take time to work through all of this.”

At the same time, “the governor’s style has matured over the last year,” Moore said. “He is a much more disciplined communicator.”

In the early days, Green liked to show the public his thoughts on complex issues that he outlined on white boards.

Instead, in a video that Green released Tuesday to mark his one-year anniversary, the white board was gone and Green spoke directly to the public about his first year, Moore said.

“He is much more careful about how he’s communicating, to focus on highlighting his accomplishments and goals very precisely,” Moore said. “That’s a change I’ve noticed in his style, which is good. He comes across more statesman like.”

Going into the 2024 legislative session, Green has begun preparing for pushback for his plan to convert short-term vacation rentals into long-term homes for island residents — which Green believes will be especially popular in neighborhoods that have been overrun with constant parties and guests who take up street parking.

“Bedroom communities know that it was never supposed to be this way,” Green said. “I think our citizens will look favorably to getting more inventory back into local families.”