Letters reveal dreams, trials of Obama’s father
NEW YORK TIMES
In a photo provided by Obama for America, Barack Obama, 10, and his father on the only visit Barack Obama Sr. ever made to see his son after returning to Kenya in 1964. Letters written long ago by Barack Obama Sr. shed new light on a young Kenyan whose ambitions helped change the course of U.S. history.
NEW YORK >> The archivist stumbled across the file in a stack of boxes on the second floor of the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture in Harlem. The yellowing letters inside dated back more than half a century, chronicling the dreams and struggles of a young man in Kenya.
He was ambitious and impetuous, a 22-year-old clerk who could type 75 words a minute and translate English into Swahili. But he had no money for college. So he pounded away on a typewriter in Nairobi, pleading for financial aid from universities and foundations across the Atlantic.
His letters would help change the course of American history.
“It has been my long cherished ambition to further my studies in America,” he wrote in 1958.
His name was Barack Hussein Obama, and his dispatches helped unleash a stream of scholarship money that carried him from Kenya to the United States. There, he fathered the child who would become the nation’s first black president, only to vanish from his son’s life a few years after his birth.
In 2013, the Schomburg Center invited President Barack Obama to see the newly discovered documents, which included nearly two dozen of his father’s letters, his transcripts from the University of Hawaii and Harvard University, and references from professors, advisers and supporters. Nearly three years later, as Obama celebrates his last Father’s Day in the White House, the center is still waiting for a response.
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The trove of documents, described publicly here for the first time, renders a portrait of Barack Obama Sr. in his own words, sometimes in his own handwriting, as he describes his studies in the United States. But it also lays bare the beginnings of the fractured relationship between father and son.
A senior White House official said Obama would be interested in seeing the documents after he leaves office next year but declined to comment on why administration officials had not responded to the letter or to follow-up correspondence.
“The papers are rich; they tell a fascinating, traditional, self-made man’s story,” said Khalil Gibran Muhammad, director of the Schomburg Center, who said he hoped Obama would read them someday. “There’s a reason to bear witness to the personal legacy that is here.”
As president, Obama has spoken openly and repeatedly about the void his father left in his life. Barack Obama Sr. went home to Kenya in 1964, when Obama was 3 years old, and returned to visit his son only once, for a month, when Obama was 10. In an interview with The New York Times last month, the president said his father’s absence had left him struggling as a teenager to figure out “what it meant to be a man.”
Obama explored his sense of loss and longing more deeply in his memoir, “Dreams from My Father,” describing his quest to learn more about the man who shared his name. He found some answers on a visit to Kenya, when he was in his 20s, but not all of them. “I still didn’t know the man my father had been,” he wrote. “What had shaped his ambitions?”
Barack Obama’s Sr.’s letters, which span the period from 1958 to 1964, offer new insights, particularly about his years in the United States. But the records, which were preserved among the papers of a foundation that provided scholarships to African students at the time, may also resurrect old pain.
It was while pursuing his undergraduate degree at the University of Hawaii in 1960 that Barack Obama Sr. met Ann Dunham, a classmate. Although he already had a wife and two children in Kenya, he married her the following year, after she became pregnant. Their son was born on Aug. 4, 1961. But Barack Obama Sr. never mentioned his new wife and son, not even in his scholarship applications.
In 1963, as he applied for a grant to help cover his graduate studies at Harvard, Barack Obama Sr. was asked on a financial aid form about his marital status and number of dependents. He left the section blank.
Relatives have described Barack Obama Sr. as a complicated man, brilliant and imperious, charming and brash, who began to drink heavily as his dreams of becoming one of Kenya’s leading government economists foundered. He died in a car crash at age 46 without ever fulfilling his early promise.
The elder Obama’s youngest brother, Said Obama, noted in a telephone interview from Kenya this month that he hoped the records would help the family understand his sibling more fully. He said Barack Obama Sr. had never stopped caring about the son he left behind, recalling how he proudly showed off the photograph and school progress reports of the young man who would become president.
“He loved his son,” Said Obama recalled. “I don’t think you do such things if you don’t love your son.”
President Obama often describes his life as an only-in-America saga, the improbable rise of the son of a white woman from Kansas and a black man from Kenya to the American presidency. But his father’s ascent was astounding, too, as he journeyed from the dusty roads of his rural village to the halls of Harvard.
As a boy, Barack Obama Sr. tended goats and walked to school barefoot, according to a biography about him, “The Other Barack,” by Sally H. Jacobs. He was a stellar student and dreamed big, even though opportunities were severely limited for blacks in Kenya, which was still a British colony then.
He had not finished high school, he explained in one of his scholarship applications, “due to financial difficulties at home.”
“Due to poor health on the part of my father,” he explained on another scholarship form, “I had to leave school to work and help.” (His chronic misbehavior and defiance also played a decisive role, Jacobs said.)
He found work as an auditor, an oil company surveyor, an office manager for an insurance company and a clerk for a literacy program. He married and had a child.
His financial struggles did not dampen his aspirations. “Might open own firm on civil engineering and architecture or work for the government,” he wrote.
He was determined to join the wave of young Kenyans seeking higher education overseas as calls for independence swept the African continent. His letters helped him gain admission to the University of Hawaii and to come up with the money he needed to cover his costs. (An unexpected personal connection helped, too. It turned out that an official of a U.S. foundation had employed his father as a cook.)
On Aug. 4, 1959, he boarded Flight 162 of British Overseas Airways Corp. and flew from Nairobi to Rome, records show. From there, he flew to Paris and then on to New York. A bus carried him to Los Angeles, where he caught a plane to Hawaii. A year later, he would meet Dunham, President Obama’s mother.
By then, Barack Obama Sr. had immersed himself in campus life. He had joined the debating club and the International Students Association and had been named editor of the International Students Newsletter, all the while marveling at the Hawaiian climate where, he wrote, “one would not know that it is winter.”
“The people around here have made me feel at home,” he wrote, adding that they had “called upon me to give several speeches on Africa and on Kenya” and had invited him over for dinner.
He seemed wistful at times for home — “I rarely get any news here about Africa,” he wrote — but he excelled in his classes, earning an undergraduate degree in economics with honors in three years.
“He has impressed everyone with being a genuinely enlightened twentieth-century man and the peoples of Africa should be proud to have him representing them here,” wrote Lee E. Winters Jr., an English professor who praised his “superior” work.
Most people on campus had no idea that the star student had married a second wife during his sophomore year or that he was the father of a baby boy. By 1962, when he headed to Harvard to pursue a graduate degree, his American family had already fallen apart.
Immigration officials looked into rumors of his multiple marriages, his biography says, but the upheaval in his family life went unmentioned in his letters. Barack Obama Sr. wrote of his financial struggles, not his personal ones.
“Rents are very high here,” he wrote from Cambridge, Massachusetts, appealing for funds to help cover his living expenses. “Even a hamburger is 50 cents here, a thing I never experienced before.”
He ended up with a master’s degree in economics from Harvard — not the doctorate he had hoped for — and headed home to Kenya without his little boy. Christine McKay, the archivist who discovered the letters, said she could not help but think about that son as she pored over the pages.
“I thought it would be great if the president could see his father’s words,” she said.
Said Obama, the president’s uncle, told The Times he would like to read the documents, too. He does not have to close his eyes to conjure up memories of his brother. He can see his genetic fingerprints every time he gets together with the president of the United States, in his voice and in his stride.
But when asked whether he thought his nephew would read the letters, Said Obama hesitated. On such a sensitive matter, between father and son, he thought it best to demur.
So for now, the records reside in Box 214 of the Phelps Stokes Fund collection in the Schomburg’s temperature-controlled, off-site storage facility. Whenever Obama is ready, the center’s director said, his father’s file will be waiting.
© 2016 The New York Times Company
54 responses to “Letters reveal dreams, trials of Obama’s father”
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Pops only thought about himself abandoning his son for his own ambition or whatever reason(s). How could one do that, your own child? Selfishness IMO.
Was Obama’s real father named Frank Marshall Davis???
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6jrrnkKmUzo
Very touching story
America has always been a country founded on acceptance of immigrants from all over the world. It started with Native American Indians accepting Europeans on their shores. Hawaii has always been the melting pot of the Pacific. The fact that the first President of Native color was born here lays testiment to our Aloha culture.
Happy Father’s Day everyone.
You know it didn’t take long for those Native Americans were sorry they welcomed the Europeans.Not the best analogy.
You know what they say. Once you go Barack… you become a single mother.
haaaaaaaaaaa,ha!
and the grandparents cover for her mistake.
Grandparents could’ve tried to do a better job….but then we talking barack…futile.
And they also say once and idiot always an idiot!
I hope you’re only referring to LEGAL immigrants. The illegal ones refuse to assimilate and will try to overthrow our country and turn it into a 3rd world cesspool as they proudly fly their Mexican flags all over US national TV demanding amnesty aka immigration reform.
Bingo, but I’d say there’s legal migrants who can’t assimilate the America ways. That’s a problem
Assimilate the Native American way?
dragoninwater – Yes, of course. They’re trying to “overthrow the country.” Great analysis. Very scholarly.
What is that has made conservatives such cowards? Disgraceful cowardice.
NB can be rude and erroneous but I agree with him today. My only complaint is that the SA used the same story that the NY Times did yesterday. Why not dig deeper and do more of a Hawaii story?
yup, this ain’t no good Father’s Day story of propping up a Dad who ditched his son.
Mahalo annie.
🙂
I guess his biggest dream was to impregnate a white girl and then skip town.
“Immigration officials looked into rumors of his multiple marriages..”
Who knows how many more he secretly must have elsewhere, afterall Muslims are allowed up to 4 wives legally 😉 … http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/05/18/desmond-hatchett-30-kids_n_1528850.html
huh? Is that you Mr. Trump?
No it’s Michelle. “Who’s your daddy”.
A question you’d ask yourself but never get a response.
“He fathered the child who would become the nations first Black president”.??? Wasn’t Obama Half White/Half Black?? Then shouldn’t he be considered “The First HALF Black President?? or The First Half White president…if you prefer.lol
Kind of like Hale Berry. I always wonder if the white side of the family feel a little slighted when someone who is half Black and Half White say they are Black.
It’s usually hard for someone who is half black and half white to get away with saying they are white, but it depends on how they look outwardly. Obama definitely doesn’t look white.
True one day America will become color blind.
And skin color is certainly something that you should focus on. You obviously don’t know much about anything, but you can at least tell someone’s skin color. It’s wonderful that you’re so easily occupied.
If you ask me Obama looks more Indonesian than black. Here’s Obama’s Indonesian twin… http://content.time.com/time/video/player/0,32068,678873631001_2031790,00.html
Maybe, just maybe Obama’s Muslim father has more secret kids elsewhere since “Immigration officials looked into rumors of his multiple marriages…” 😉
Guess what, nobody’s asking you.
Klastri (aka Kurt on Kauai) called me a racist for saying the exact same thing..half black/half white…be ready for KKK to come calling.
It’s automatic. Say anything negative about Obama and you’re a racist.
You’re lying of course, as you always do. There are a lot of things to criticize the President about. But you are obsessed with his skin color. A bizarre obsession.
You got it, the klastri way…wish he/she would get a mirror and see THE Racist.
There you are, obsessed yet again with your ex on Kauai. Maybe you should call him and try to make up.
WOW lol
Mr. Luke, we understand who you are and your challenges, please seek professional help, we understand.
“The papers are rich; they tell a fascinating, traditional, self-made man’s story, said Khalil Gibran Muhammad, director of the Schomburg Center….”
He wasn’t a self-made man. Somebody else made that happen. It was American money that gave this man his break and then he impregnated a woman and left her to fend for herself squandering all that was given him in trust. If only we hadn’t helped this ungrateful immigrant.
He wasn’t an immigrant. He was on a student visa. He never intended to stay.
“a young Kenyan whose ambitions helped change the course of U.S. history”? guess who that refers to.
This can happen only in America! Land of opportunity. One of the reasons for America’s strong global leadership.
good point. You need to remind the ridiculous Hawaiin Sovs. that they are lucky to love in America where even the incorrect and misinformed are protected and tolerated.
Your right annie. When I was young I made love in NYC,LA,STL,SAN FRAN,and Florida. I was lucky to love in America.
Auwe NB, kiss and tell. Happy Father’s Day.
So many comments here focused on skin color. Wondering if someone is half black or half white. As if it matters.
Obsessing on skin color is a personality disorder. It’s a good bet that the folks who comment like that are failures in their own lives (racism follows along with low intelligence) and that maybe their kids and other family members are failures too. Not a whole lot of racists make anything of themselves. Unfortunately, it bleeds into their kids.
Enjoy marinating in your ignorance. You all need psychiatric help.
I was just asking a simple question. I am as far from being racist as anyone can be. On the other hand, you marinate yourself in rudeness and insults.
That’s all klasless knows. History of a failed lawyer trolling the msg boards calling everyone a liar. Even his psychiatrist gave up on him. Oh what a life.
Sarge, he has the classical symptoms of narcisstic personality disorder. I figured I’d save Klastri some money and hopefully seek some help. Just trying to help.
Klastri (akaKurt on Kauai) is so into himself…more so than anyone I’ve experienced in my life. He bests Kanye West & Kim K combined!
I call you a liar because that’s a fact.
You know absolutely nothing about my practice or firm. Nothing.
Klastri a former lawyer? are you serious? Klastri doesn’t even know the constitution nor any of the amendments let alone basic immigration laws since I had to reference web links to laws for the racist hag in other comment sections. She’s a real nasty piece of work, the old hag proudly supports and promotes criminal activity by supporting illegals then proceeds to call everyone a racist and insults them by calling them imbeciles when they speak out about illegals. Wouldn’t be surprised if she is a anchor baby herself and abuses illegal workers hence her strong desire to encourage criminal activities.
Mr. Obama considers himself black. Period. It doesn’t matter what anyone else thinks about his color. He’s black. Trying to diminish his identity is what people have done since he announced his candidacy.
You might be surprised how few people wonder anything at all about skin color (other than people on here, of course) or feel “a little slighted” about what race people associate with. He won two elections. Grow up.
NPD. Check it out. I think you need help. Good Luck.
You are at your least competent when you are trying to practice medicine. And that’s saying something.
Happy Father’s Day. Get out and enjoy. Dinners are available but a plate lunch on our beach with a sunset, priceless.